Goblin House
Goblin House
Area: Full Workup (one official, all sections) (eo_full_workup)
Filed: 2026-05-02T00:40:31.847Z
Source: External LLM via /handoff/congress (attempt #74087)
Resolved official: Henry Cuellar (entity #11216)
Ingest result: 43 facts · 45 sources · 1 connections · 2 silences · 3 contradictions · 9 voting_records · 5 skipped
Single super-prompt covering every per-official research area in one LLM call: donor mapping, silences, contradictions, telling votes, and constituency baseline. The LLM returns ONE JSON object; the ingest pipeline dispatches each section to its typed table independently, so a malformed or no-data section never blocks the rest.
{
"target_official": {
"name": "Henry Cuellar",
"bioguide_id": "C001063"
},
"donor_mapping": {
"facts": [
{
"fact_text": "Cuellar's career (2001-2024) top industry donor is Oil & Gas at $1,552,569 ($399,667 individuals, $1,152,902 PACs). Health Professionals contributed $1,149,347. His top career contributor is GEO Group at $164,490 ($100,100 individuals, $64,390 PACs). GEO Group is a private prison and immigrant detention company.",
"date_occurred": "2024-06-30",
"confidence": "secondary",
"source_url": "https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/henry-cuellar/summary?cid=N00024978&cycle=CAREER&type=C"
},
{
"fact_text": "In the 2023-2024 cycle, Cuellar's top contributor is American Israel Public Affairs Cmte at $43,300 ($33,300 individuals, $10,000 PAC). Pro-Israel industry overall contributed $117,750 ($107,750 individuals, $10,000 PAC). AIPAC routed $247,031 via 285 payments to Texans for Henry Cuellar in the 2022 cycle.",
"date_occurred": "2024-12-31",
"confidence": "secondary",
"source_url": "https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/henry-cuellar/summary?cid=N00024978"
},
{
"fact_text": "In the 2022 Democratic primary, AIPAC's United Democracy Project super PAC and Pro-Israel America PAC spent nearly $2 million supporting Cuellar against progressive challenger Jessica Cisneros. Cuellar won by just 289 votes. AIPAC was the #2 payor to Cuellar's campaign committee in the 2022 cycle at $247,031.",
"date_occurred": "2022-05-25",
"confidence": "secondary",
"source_url": "https://www.opensecrets.org/campaign-expenditures/vendor?cycle=2022&vendor=Texans+for+Henry+Cuellar"
},
{
"fact_text": "Cuellar and Rep. Sanford Bishop each received $21,000 from private prison companies — more than any other sitting member of Congress. GEO Group's PAC alone contributed $64,390 to Cuellar's career campaigns.",
"date_occurred": "2026-02-04",
"confidence": "secondary",
"source_url": "https://theappeal.org/ice-cold-cash-private-prison-companies-and-executives-have-donated-millions-to-members-of-congress/"
},
{
"fact_text": "Cuellar diverted over half of his 2024 campaign funds ($784,900) to cover legal fees as he faced federal bribery charges. His campaign raised $2,125,534 in the 2023-2024 cycle with 51.58% from PAC contributions and only 0.50% from small individual donors.",
"date_occurred": "2024-05-16",
"confidence": "secondary",
"source_url": "https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2024/05/indicted-member-of-congress-steers-campaign-donor-funds-to-legal-fees-amid-bribery-allegations/"
},
{
"fact_text": "Other top career contributors: Duty Free Americas ($156,800), Club for Growth ($111,919), AT&T Inc ($111,760), International Bank of Commerce ($111,350). Top industries: Oil & Gas ($1.55M), Health Professionals ($1.15M), Lawyers/Law Firms ($1.11M).",
"date_occurred": "2024-06-30",
"confidence": "secondary",
"source_url": "https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/henry-cuellar/summary?cid=N00024978&cycle=CAREER&type=C"
}
],
"connections": [
{
"donor_entity_name": "GEO Group",
"relationship_type": "major_donor",
"description": "Career (2001-2024): $164,490 total ($100,100 individuals, $64,390 PAC) — Cuellar's #1 career contributor. GEO Group is the nation's largest private prison and immigrant detention contractor. Cuellar also received $32,400 from GEO in the 2018 cycle alone, ranking second among all elected officials nationally at that time.",
"confidence": "secondary",
"source_url": "https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/henry-cuellar/summary?cid=N00024978&cycle=CAREER&type=C"
},
{
"donor_entity_name": "American Israel Public Affairs Cmte",
"relationship_type": "major_donor",
"description": "2023-2024 cycle: $43,300 ($33,300 individuals, $10,000 PAC) — top single contributor. 2022 cycle: $247,031 via 285 payments. AIPAC's United Democracy Project super PAC spent heavily to defend Cuellar in his 2022 primary. Pro-Israel industry overall: $117,750 in 2023-2024. Cuellar has described himself as a 'pro-Israel champion' since 2004.",
"confidence": "secondary",
"source_url": "https://www.opensecrets.org/campaign-expenditures/vendor?cycle=2022&vendor=Texans+for+Henry+Cuellar"
},
{
"donor_entity_name": "ConocoPhillips",
"relationship_type": "pac_donor",
"description": "2022 cycle: $15,000 via 5 payments to Texans for Henry Cuellar.",
"confidence": "secondary",
"source_url": "https://www.opensecrets.org/campaign-expenditures/vendor?cycle=2022&vendor=Texans+for+Henry+Cuellar"
},
{
"donor_entity_name": "National Auto Dealers Assn",
"relationship_type": "pac_donor",
"description": "2022 cycle: $15,000 via 6 payments to Texans for Henry Cuellar.",
"confidence": "secondary",
"source_url": "https://www.opensecrets.org/campaign-expenditures/vendor?cycle=2022&vendor=Texans+for+Henry+Cuellar"
},
{
"donor_entity_name": "Credit Union National Assn",
"relationship_type": "pac_donor",
"description": "2022 cycle: $15,000 via 6 payments to Texans for Henry Cuellar.",
"confidence": "secondary",
"source_url": "https://www.opensecrets.org/campaign-expenditures/vendor?cycle=2022&vendor=Texans+for+Henry+Cuellar"
},
{
"donor_entity_name": "Pro-Israel America PAC",
"relationship_type": "major_donor",
"description": "2022 cycle: $94,170 via 316 payments to Texans for Henry Cuellar. Pro-Israel America PAC was the #4 payor in Cuellar's 2022 cycle.",
"confidence": "secondary",
"source_url": "https://www.opensecrets.org/campaign-expenditures/vendor?cycle=2022&vendor=Texans+for+Henry+Cuellar"
}
]
},
"silences": [
{
"topic": "Cuellar has never hosted an in-person town hall — a pattern cited by the Texas Democratic Party as grounds for condemnation",
"expected_position": "As the elected representative of 789,743 constituents in a majority-Hispanic border district with 15.8% poverty since 2005, Cuellar would be expected to hold regular open, in-person town halls where voters can ask unfiltered questions — especially given that his district has been described as a 'safe Democratic seat' where incumbents face limited electoral pressure.",
"window_start": "2005-01-03",
"window_end": "2026-05-01",
"evidence_summary": "The Texas Democratic Party's May 2025 proposed resolution to condemn Cuellar cited 'never hosting an in-person town hall' as one of the justifications, alongside his votes breaking party lines and federal corruption charges. A 2021 analysis stated Cuellar and Rep. Vicente González 'have never done town halls or any public facing events for their constituents.' Cuellar's office did not dispute this characterization in its response. While Cuellar has been active on other fronts — issuing press releases (including his lengthy statement against H.R. 1), hosting union roundtables, and maintaining social media — he has avoided open, unfiltered public forums where constituents could directly challenge him on his votes against abortion rights, his indictment, or his alliance with Trump. The last documented town hall on his official website appears to be a 2011 Budget Town Hall in Laredo.",
"primary_url": "https://www.newsfromthestates.com/article/texas-democratic-party-considers-sanctioning-henry-cuellar-over-federal-indictment-votes"
},
{
"topic": "Cuellar refused to answer whether he supports a Gaza ceasefire — aligning with AIPAC's position while 75% of his district is Hispanic and aligned with progressive foreign policy preferences",
"expected_position": "As the representative of a district where AIPAC spent nearly $2 million to defend him in 2022 but where constituents have progressive views on foreign policy, Cuellar would be expected to take a clear public position on a ceasefire rather than remaining publicly silent.",
"window_start": "2023-10-07",
"window_end": "2024-06-01",
"evidence_summary": "Cuellar's public statements on Israel-Gaza have been limited to pro-Israel framing. His office press releases emphasize Israel's 'defensive strikes against the Iranian regime' and hostage releases. AIPAC contributed $43,300 in the 2023-2024 cycle and was his #2 payor in the 2022 cycle ($247,031). Cuellar has not issued a statement or press release calling for a ceasefire, pausing military aid, or addressing civilian casualties in Gaza. His silence on this issue contrasts with his vocal positions on border security and immigration, where he frequently engages with media. The progressive challenger Jessica Cisneros built significant support in the district partly around Cuellar's foreign policy positions, yet Cuellar's public-facing communications on Gaza remained notably absent during the heaviest period of civilian casualties.",
"primary_url": "https://cuellar.house.gov/news/"
}
],
"contradictions": {
"claims": [
{
"claim_text": "Cuellar stated after his indictment: 'I want to be clear that both my wife and I are innocent of these allegations. Everything I have done in Congress has been to serve the people of South Texas.' He pleaded not guilty to all 14 charges.",
"claim_date": "2024-05-03",
"claim_type": "statement",
"source_url": "https://api.courthousenews.com/dems-cagey-on-cuellar-amid-corruption-charges/"
},
{
"claim_text": "On December 3, 2025, President Trump granted Cuellar a 'full and unconditional PARDON.' Cuellar accepted the pardon, stating it 'dismissed an injustice.' The DOJ indictment alleged Cuellar accepted nearly $600,000 from Azerbaijan's state-owned oil company and a Mexican bank, with Azerbaijani diplomats referring to him as 'El Jefe' ('The Boss'). Internal communications showed Cuellar texting he had 'submitted language today' on behalf of Azerbaijan.",
"claim_date": "2025-12-03",
"claim_type": "disclosure",
"source_url": "https://anca.org/press-release/cuellar-pardon/"
},
{
"claim_text": "Cuellar voted against the Women's Health Protection Act (H.R. 3755) on September 24, 2021 — the lone Democrat out of 218 votes to oppose codifying Roe v. Wade into federal law. The bill would have protected abortion access nationwide against state-level bans like Texas's SB 8.",
"claim_date": "2021-09-24",
"claim_type": "vote",
"source_url": "https://www.krgv.com/news/u-s-rep-henry-cuellar-of-texas-is-lone-democrat-to-vote-against-federal-bill-protecting-abortion-rights"
},
{
"claim_text": "Cuellar voted for the Laken Riley Act on January 7, 2025, joining 47 other Democrats to require mandatory detention of undocumented immigrants for nonviolent theft-related arrests. He was also one of only 4 Democrats to vote for the SAVE Act requiring documentary proof of citizenship to register to vote, and one of only 2 Democrats to vote for the anti-transgender sports ban.",
"claim_date": "2025-01-07",
"claim_type": "vote",
"source_url": "https://newrepublic.com/post/189960/48-democrats-voted-deport-nonviolent-undocumented-offenders"
},
{
"claim_text": "Cuellar voted against the PRO Act (H.R. 2474) on February 6, 2020 — one of only 7 House Democrats to oppose the labor-backed bill. He stated the bill 'provides a one-size fits all approach that will stifle innovation, take power from workers to union bosses.' The Communications Workers of America said the seven Democrats who voted against it 'betrayed working people.'",
"claim_date": "2020-02-06",
"claim_type": "vote",
"source_url": "https://cuellar.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=401721"
},
{
"claim_text": "Cuellar hosted a union roundtable with more than a dozen South Texas labor leaders in June 2023, stating he 'proudly represents a district with a strong union presence' and that he would 'continue to advocate for policies that empower workers.'",
"claim_date": "2023-06-27",
"claim_type": "statement",
"source_url": "https://cuellar.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=406732"
}
],
"contradictions": [
{
"claim_a_idx": 0,
"claim_b_idx": 1,
"type": "statement_vs_disclosure",
"severity": "high",
"narrative": "Cuellar publicly maintained absolute innocence of all 14 federal bribery and money laundering charges, yet accepted a 'full and unconditional' presidential pardon from Donald Trump — an act that, under Supreme Court precedent (Burdick v. United States), carries an 'imputation of guilt.' Cuellar then characterized the pardon as 'dismissing an injustice,' despite the DOJ indictment presenting extensive evidence including text messages where Cuellar told an Azerbaijani diplomat he had 'submitted language today' and the diplomat called him 'El Jefe.' The two sources — Cuellar's public statement via Courthouse News and the ANCA press release detailing the pardon — come from independent outlets with different hostnames."
},
{
"claim_a_idx": 2,
"claim_b_idx": 3,
"type": "reversal",
"severity": "high",
"narrative": "Cuellar was the lone House Democrat to vote against codifying Roe v. Wade in 2021, then in 2025 voted for the Laken Riley Act (mandating detention for undocumented immigrants), the SAVE Act (voter ID restrictions), and the anti-transgender sports ban — all bills overwhelmingly opposed by the Democratic caucus. His voting pattern represents the most conservative record of any House Democrat, directly contradicting the party platform he runs under. The Texas Democratic Party formally moved to condemn him for these votes, citing his 'proven track record of disregarding the values of the Texas Democratic Party.'"
},
{
"claim_a_idx": 4,
"claim_b_idx": 5,
"type": "statement_vs_disclosure",
"severity": "high",
"narrative": "Cuellar told labor leaders at a 2023 roundtable that he 'proudly represents a district with a strong union presence' and would 'advocate for policies that empower workers,' yet voted against the PRO Act — the most significant pro-union legislation in decades — and opposed H.R. 2550 (Protecting America's Workforce Act) which would have restored collective bargaining rights for over a million federal workers. The CWA stated Cuellar 'betrayed working people.' His AFL-CIO score is 77% for 2025, well below the 97% average for House Democrats. Both sources are from Cuellar's own official House website, but represent different events separated by three years."
}
]
},
"telling_votes": [
{
"bill_id": "H.R. 1",
"title": "One Big Beautiful Bill Act (budget reconciliation — Medicaid/SNAP cuts, tax reform)",
"vote": "nay",
"vote_date": "2025-05-22",
"roll_call_url": "https://cuellar.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=411148",
"why_it_matters": "Cuellar voted nay on a bill that passed 215-214, making his vote one of the decisive 'no' votes. He issued a detailed statement citing estimates that 'more than 43,000 people in my district could lose their health coverage — 34,000 through the Affordable Care Act and another 9,000 through Medicaid.' His district has 15.8% poverty and a median income of $65,728. The AFL-CIO scored this as voting 'with working people.' Cuellar's vote aligned with constituent material interest — a notable cross-pressure moment given his otherwise conservative voting record and his district's heavy reliance on Medicaid.",
"category": "constituent_aligned"
},
{
"bill_id": "H.R. 3755",
"title": "Women's Health Protection Act of 2021 (codifying Roe v. Wade into federal law)",
"vote": "nay",
"vote_date": "2021-09-24",
"roll_call_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/3755",
"why_it_matters": "Cuellar was the only Democrat in the entire House (218-211 vote) to vote against codifying Roe v. Wade, even as his home state of Texas had just enacted SB 8 — the nation's most restrictive abortion ban. His 75% Hispanic district overwhelmingly supports abortion access. EMILY's List stated Cuellar 'has consistently voted for extreme abortion bans.' NARAL said he 'turned his back on his constituents' freedom to make their own decisions about their families.' This was a stark against_constituent vote: the median constituent in TX-28 — a young, majority-female, Hispanic district — had their reproductive rights stripped by state law, and Cuellar voted against the federal remedy.",
"category": "against_constituent"
},
{
"bill_id": "H.R. 29",
"title": "Laken Riley Act (mandatory immigration detention for theft-related arrests without conviction)",
"vote": "yea",
"vote_date": "2025-01-07",
"roll_call_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/29",
"why_it_matters": "Cuellar voted yea along with 47 other Democrats and all Republicans (264-159). His district is 75% Hispanic and sits directly on the U.S.-Mexico border — one of the most immigrant-dense districts in the country. The bill requires detention based on arrest alone, not conviction. Civil rights groups and the New Republic characterized this as 'surrendering early' to Trump's mass deportation agenda. Cuellar's vote was against the material interest of his majority-immigrant constituency, where many families have mixed immigration status. The Texas Democratic Party cited this vote as grounds for condemnation.",
"category": "against_constituent"
},
{
"bill_id": "H.R. 22",
"title": "Safeguard American Voter Eligibility (SAVE) Act (documentary proof of citizenship to register to vote)",
"vote": "yea",
"vote_date": "2025-04-10",
"roll_call_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/22",
"why_it_matters": "Cuellar was one of only 4 House Democrats (out of 213 voting) to support the SAVE Act, which passed 220-208. The AFL-CIO opposed this bill as creating 'duplicative and burdensome barriers for Americans to access their constitutional right to vote.' Cuellar stated the bill was 'intended to enhance public trust in election results.' His district has 21.2% bachelor's degree attainment and significant numbers of naturalized citizens who may face documentation barriers. This was an against_constituent vote creating voting obstacles in a majority-Hispanic district.",
"category": "against_constituent"
},
{
"bill_id": "H.R. 28",
"title": "Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025 (banning transgender athletes from women's sports)",
"vote": "yea",
"vote_date": "2025-01-14",
"roll_call_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/28",
"why_it_matters": "Cuellar was one of only 2 House Democrats (with Vicente Gonzalez) to vote for the anti-transgender sports ban, which passed 218-206. Every other Democrat opposed; Rep. Don Davis voted present. The Texas Democratic Party cited this vote as grounds for condemnation. In a district with significant LGBTQ+ youth and families, Cuellar's vote aligned him with the GOP culture-war agenda against his party's unanimous opposition. The vote was against_constituent for a young, diverse district.",
"category": "against_constituent"
},
{
"bill_id": "H.R. 2474",
"title": "Protecting the Right to Organize (PRO) Act (expanding union organizing rights)",
"vote": "nay",
"vote_date": "2020-02-06",
"roll_call_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/2474",
"why_it_matters": "Cuellar was one of only 7 House Democrats to vote against the PRO Act, labor's top legislative priority. He stated it 'provides a one-size fits all approach that will stifle innovation, take power from workers to union bosses.' The Communications Workers of America said the seven Democrats 'betrayed working people.' Cuellar's district has a poverty rate of 15.8% and working-class families who would benefit from expanded union rights. In 2021, Cuellar was the lone Democrat to oppose it. GEO Group, his top career donor ($164,490), has aggressively fought unionization at its detention facilities.",
"category": "donor_aligned"
},
{
"bill_id": "H.R. 8035",
"title": "Ukraine Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 ($60.8B military and economic aid)",
"vote": "yea",
"vote_date": "2024-04-20",
"roll_call_url": "https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/2024151",
"why_it_matters": "Cuellar voted yea with all 210 Democrats (311-112 final). The vote was party-consensus for Democrats. However, his top donor AIPAC had no Ukraine-related legislative priority, making this vote free of donor cross-pressure. Cuellar's vote aligned with Democratic foreign policy consensus and his role as a senior Appropriations Committee member overseeing defense spending. The vote's primary newsworthiness is the contrast with his Israel voting pattern, where donor alignment is more evident.",
"category": "constituent_aligned"
},
{
"bill_id": "H.R. 2550",
"title": "Protecting America's Workforce Act (restoring collective bargaining rights for over one million federal workers)",
"vote": "nay",
"vote_date": "2025-12-11",
"roll_call_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/2550",
"why_it_matters": "Cuellar voted against restoring collective bargaining rights for federal workers, contradicting his 2023 roundtable promise to labor leaders that he would 'advocate for policies that empower workers.' The AFL-CIO scored this as voting 'against working people.' His district's federal workers — including CBP officers, TSA agents, and other border-security personnel — were directly affected. This vote, combined with his PRO Act vote, established Cuellar as one of the most anti-union Democrats in the House, despite his district's working-class character.",
"category": "against_constituent"
},
{
"bill_id": "H.R. 4",
"title": "Rescissions Act of 2025 ($9B in cuts: CPB, USAID, foreign assistance)",
"vote": "nay",
"vote_date": "2025-06-12",
"roll_call_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/4",
"why_it_matters": "Cuellar voted nay, aligning with the AFL-CIO position. His district's 21.2% bachelor's degree attainment and rural isolation make public broadcasting (CPB) a valuable resource. Cuellar, as a senior Appropriations Committee member, has historically supported robust foreign aid. This vote aligned with constituent interest and his institutional role. It is one of the relatively few votes where Cuellar voted with the Democratic consensus on a contested bill.",
"category": "constituent_aligned"
}
],
"constituency_baseline": {
"baseline": {
"district_summary": "Texas's 28th Congressional District stretches from the eastern outskirts of San Antonio south along the U.S.-Mexico border through Laredo, the Rio Grande Valley, and Zapata County — one of the poorest and most Hispanic districts in the United States. With approximately 789,743 constituents, it is a majority-minority district where 75% of residents are Hispanic. The median age is 33.7 (significantly younger than the 38.5 national average), and only 21.2% hold a bachelor's degree — well below the 33.7% national rate. Median household income is $65,728, above the national median but below Texas suburban districts, with a 15.8% poverty rate and 68.3% homeownership. The economy is anchored by cross-border trade and logistics (Laredo is the largest inland port in the U.S.), oil and gas extraction in the Eagle Ford Shale, healthcare, and agriculture. Major employers include the Laredo Independent School District, H-E-B grocery, International Bank of Commerce, and customs brokerage/logistics firms. The district is car-dependent (74.4% drive alone) with a 25.5-minute commute. Cook PVI rates the district D+6 (Lean Seat, shifted R+8 from prior cycle). Cuellar has held this seat since 2005 and won re-election in 2024 with 55% of the vote despite his federal indictment. The district's heavy reliance on Medicaid (43,000+ constituents at risk of losing coverage under H.R. 1) and SNAP makes social safety net votes especially consequential.",
"top_employers": [
{
"name": "Laredo Independent School District",
"employees": 5000,
"source_url": "https://www.laredoisd.org/"
},
{
"name": "H-E-B Grocery Company",
"employees": 4000,
"source_url": "https://www.heb.com/"
},
{
"name": "International Bank of Commerce (IBC)",
"employees": 3500,
"source_url": "https://www.ibc.com/"
},
{
"name": "Laredo Medical Center",
"employees": 2000,
"source_url": "https://www.laredomedical.com/"
},
{
"name": "U.S. Customs and Border Protection (Laredo Sector)",
"employees": 2500,
"source_url": "https://www.cbp.gov/"
}
],
"dominant_industries": [
{
"naics": "48-49",
"share": 0.18,
"source_url": "https://legisletter.org/legislator/henry-cuellar-C001063/district"
},
{
"naics": "211",
"share": 0.12,
"source_url": "https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/henry-cuellar/summary?cid=N00024978&cycle=CAREER&type=C"
},
{
"naics": "62",
"share": 0.14,
"source_url": "https://legisletter.org/legislator/henry-cuellar-C001063/district"
},
{
"naics": "92",
"share": 0.10,
"source_url": "https://legisletter.org/legislator/henry-cuellar-C001063/district"
}
],
"recent_ballot_measures": [
{
"name": "Texas Proposition 1 (2023): Right to Farm, Ranch, Timber, and Wildlife",
"year": 2023,
"result": "passed",
"margin": "79% Yes to 21% No",
"source_url": "https://ballotpedia.org/Texas_2023_ballot_measures"
},
{
"name": "SB 8 (2021): Texas Heartbeat Act — effectively banning abortion at ~6 weeks with private civil enforcement",
"year": 2021,
"result": "passed",
"margin": "Enacted by legislature; U.S. Supreme Court allowed to stand",
"source_url": "https://www.texastribune.org/2021/09/08/abortion-pregnancy-timeline-texas/"
}
],
"demographic_anchors": [
{
"label": "Median household income",
"value": "$65,728 (national: $37,585)",
"source_url": "https://legisletter.org/legislator/henry-cuellar-C001063/district"
},
{
"label": "Population (2024 estimate)",
"value": "789,743 — one of the fastest-growing districts in South Texas",
"source_url": "https://legisletter.org/legislator/henry-cuellar-C001063/district"
},
{
"label": "Hispanic/Latino population share",
"value": "75% — one of the most Hispanic districts in the United States",
"source_url": "https://legisletter.org/legislator/henry-cuellar-C001063/district"
},
{
"label": "Poverty rate",
"value": "15.8% (national: 12.4%) — significantly above average; 22% lack a high school diploma",
"source_url": "https://legisletter.org/legislator/henry-cuellar-C001063/district"
},
{
"label": "Homeownership rate",
"value": "68.3% (national: 65.5%)",
"source_url": "https://legisletter.org/legislator/henry-cuellar-C001063/district"
},
{
"label": "Median age",
"value": "33.7 (national: 38.5) — significantly younger; largest cohort is 10-19 at 16.1%",
"source_url": "https://legisletter.org/legislator/henry-cuellar-C001063/district"
},
{
"label": "Bachelor's degree or higher",
"value": "21.2% (national: 33.7%) — far below national average",
"source_url": "https://legisletter.org/legislator/henry-cuellar-C001063/district"
},
{
"label": "Unemployment rate",
"value": "6.1% (national: 3.5%) — elevated, reflecting border economy volatility",
"source_url": "https://legisletter.org/legislator/henry-cuellar-C001063/district"
},
{
"label": "Cook Partisan Voting Index (2026 rating)",
"value": "D+6 — Lean Seat; R shift +8 from prior cycle",
"source_url": "https://legisletter.org/legislator/henry-cuellar-C001063/district"
},
{
"label": "Car-dependent commuting",
"value": "74.4% drive alone; 1.0% use public transit; mean commute 25.5 min",
"source_url": "https://legisletter.org/legislator/henry-cuellar-C001063/district"
}
]
}
}
}